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(originally ''Sándor Károly Henrik Grosschmied de Mára'', archaically English: Alexander Márai;〔Leslie Konnyu: Modern Magyar literature: a literary survey and anthology of the xxth century Hungarian authors -PAGE: 95 , Publisher: American Hungarian Review, 1964〕 11 April 1900 – 21 February 1989) was a Hungarian writer and journalist. ==Biography== He was born in 1900 on April 11 in the city of Kassa in Hungary (now Košice in Slovakia). Through his father, he was a relative of the Hungarian noble Országh-family. In his early years, Márai travelled to and lived in Frankfurt, Berlin, and Paris and briefly considered writing in German, but eventually chose his mother language, Hungarian, for his writings. In Egy polgár vallomásai Márai identifies the mothertongue language with the concept of nation itself.〔Márai, Sándor. "Egy polgár vallomásai." ''Akadémiai Kiadó'', Budapest, 1935.〕 He settled in Krisztinaváros, Budapest, in 1928. In the 1930s, he gained prominence with a precise and clear realist style. He was the first person to write reviews of the work of Kafka. He wrote very enthusiastically about the Vienna Awards, in which Germany forced Czechoslovakia and Romania to give back part of the territories which Hungary lost in the Treaty of Trianon. Nevertheless, Márai was highly critical of the Nazis. Marai authored 46 books. His 1942 book ''Embers'' (Hungarian title: ''A gyertyák csonkig égnek'', meaning "The Candles Burn Down to the Stump") expresses a nostalgia for the bygone multi-ethnic, multicultural society of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, reminiscent of the works of Joseph Roth. In 2006 an adaptation of this novel for the stage, written by Christopher Hampton, was performed in London. He also disliked the Communist regime that seized power after World War II, and left – or was driven away – in 1948. After living for some time in Italy, Márai settled in the city of San Diego, in the United States.Márai joined with Radio Free Europe between 1951-1968.〔(Márai, Sándor )〕Márai was extremely disappointed in the Western powers for not helping the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.〔(The Life of Sándor Márai )〕 He continued to write in his native language, but was not published in English until the mid-1990s. Like other memoirs by Hungarian writers and statesmen, it was first published in the West, because it could not be published in the Hungary of the post-1956 Kádár era. The English version of the memoir was published posthumously in 1996. After his wife died in 1986, Márai retreated more and more into isolation. In 1987, he lived with advanced cancer and his depression worsened when he lost his adopted son, John. He ended his life〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sándor Márai )〕 with a gunshot to his head in San Diego in 1989. He left behind three granddaughters; Lisa, Sarah and Jennifer Márai. Largely forgotten outside of Hungary, his work (consisting of poems, novels, and diaries) has only been recently "rediscovered" and republished in French (starting in 1992), Polish, Catalan, Italian, English, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Czech, Slovak, Danish, Icelandic, Korean, Dutch, Urdu and other languages too, and is now considered to be part of the European Twentieth Century literary canon. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sándor Márai」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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